Not absolutely all product that has been taped had been coded. As our focus ended up being on scripted development, we excluded day-to-day news broadcasts, game shows, sports programs and occasions, and paid development, along with all forms of commercials as well as other promotions ( e.g., teasers for community programs). Although music videos had been taped, these were coded and analyzed individually because of their unique faculties and therefore are maybe maybe not reported right right here. The analyses offered in this paper, nevertheless, do through the nonmusic video clip programming from cable music activity channels including talk programs, variety/comedy shows, and truth programs. In addition, implies that had been incomplete simply because they started before 3:00 p.m. or ended after 11:00 p.m. weren’t coded. Finally, episode repeats had been eradicated through the test.
The last test for the 2001 2002 period contained 1,276 unique system episodes, whereas the ultimate sample for the 2002 2003 period included 1,439 unique system episodes. The test when it comes to 2nd content analysis ended up being significantly bigger than the very first 12 months’s test that we had three episodes of each nonsyndicated series as we made a concerted effort in year 2 to ensure. Despite strict adherence towards the sampling plan, extra taping ended up being needed whenever, as an example, brand new programs entered the autumn lineup after the start of year to replace for cancelled shows or if the time and time slot for a string had been changed.
Measures
The codebook when it comes to bigger research ended up being based significantly regarding the factors produced by Kunkel and colleagues (1999, 2001, 2003) within their content analyses conducted for the Kaiser Family Foundation. We created extra products, including those on exact exact exact same intercourse behavior that is intimate sexual talk pertaining to nonheterosexuals. As opposed to Kunkel and peers, who used the scene given that unit that is primary of, our content analyses involved coding for intimate content in 2 moment periods of system time. Because scenes differ quite a bit in total and, hence, don’t offer a consistent product of measure in making evaluations across programs, we utilized a typical coding product centered on time. Coding news development in designated time intervals has been utilized usually by other scientists conducting analyses that are content different system genres including films, detergent operas, and music videos (Hazan, Lipton, & Glantz, 1994; Lowery, 1980; Roberts, Christenson, Henriksen, & Bandy, 2002; Roberts, Henriksen, & Christenson, 1999; Sommers Flanagan, Sommers Flanagan, & Davis, 1993; Stockwell & Glantz, 1997; Terre, Drabman, & Speer, 1991).
For purposes of the content analysis, intercourse ended up being thought as any depiction of sex, sexually suggestive behavior, or any speak about sex or sex. To be conservative and prevent overcoding sexual content, communications about intercourse were differentiated from nonsexual communications pertaining to relationship and relationships, that have been perhaps maybe not coded. As an example, a statement such as “I favor my boyfriend” wouldn’t be coded whereas a statement such as “I made want to my boyfriend” will be coded.
exact exact Same intercourse intimate behavior
Every 2 minute period that had been coded as containing one or more sort of sexual intercourse monitored in the primary coding task flirting, kissing, intimate touching, intercourse suggested, sexual activity depicted, as well as other intimate behavior 2 ended up being additionally examined when it comes to presence of exact exact same intercourse behavior that is sexual. With this item, programmers utilized a yes/no response format to point whether some of the sexual behavior depicted when you look at the period happened between a couple regarding the sex that is same.
Speak about nonheterosexual sexual problems
Each 2 interval that is minute was coded as containing a minumum of one example of talk through i am live porn the intimate talk categories found in the key coding task ( ag e.g., reviews about own/others’ intimate actions or interests, explore intercourse who has currently occurred, speak about sex crimes) has also been coded for whether some of the intimate talk regarding nonheterosexuals. With this item, coders again utilized a yes/no response format to point whether some of the intimate talk reflected the intimate passions or issues of nonheterosexual individuals. Most frequently, such remarks pertaining to gays and lesbians, although sporadically these were related to bisexuals.